Brief Orientation & Surgical Overview (10 min)

• Indications for trabeculectomy
• Key anatomical landmarks
• Overview of surgical steps
• Instruments and sutures
• Principles of wound modulation (e.g., antifibrotics)
• Safety pearls and common pitfalls

Hands-On Surgical Practice (40 min)

Participants rotate or progress through stepwise tasks, adjusted by level.

• Conjunctival peritomy (fornix- or limbus-based)
• Scleral flap creation
• Entry into the anterior chamber
• Peripheral iridectomy
• Scleral flap closure
• Conjunctival closure

Wrap-Up & Discussion (10 min)

• Review of common errors observed
• Discussion of postoperative outcomes and complications
• Q&A tailored to participant level